Knowledge center

Heat exchanger decisions, grounded in engineering.

Evergreen engineering guidance—not project promotion. Browse fundamentals, technology, design, materials, applications and maintenance.

017 engineering guides

Fundamentals

Working principles, terminology and thermal concepts.

Compabloc Heat Exchanger Working Principle · Economizer Heat Exchanger: Principle, Applications, and Engineering ValueBrowse this topic
0215 engineering guides

Technology

How exchanger constructions differ and where they fit.

Alfa Laval Compabloc Alternative: Industrial Welded Heat Exchanger Solutions · Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers: Compact, Efficient, and Durable Flat Plate SolutionsBrowse this topic
036 engineering guides

Selection & design

Duty data, sizing logic and configuration decisions.

Comparison Between Stainless-Steel (Nickel) Brazing and Copper Brazing in Heat Exchangers · DX vs Flooded Evaporation in Plate Heat ExchangersBrowse this topic
044 engineering guides

Materials & corrosion

Metals, gaskets, bonding and fluid compatibility.

Gasket Testing and Manufacturing Control in Plate Heat Exchangers · How to Select Gaskets for Gasketed Plate Heat ExchangersBrowse this topic
0511 engineering guides

Applications

Engineering guidance organized around process duties.

Palm Oil Refining Heat Exchanger Solution for BPO to RBDPO Processing · Plate Heat Exchanger Solution for Enriched Electrolyte Cooling in Copper MiningBrowse this topic
068 engineering guides

Operation & maintenance

Cleaning, fouling, troubleshooting and service life.

Analysis and Mechanism of Leakage Caused by Freezing in Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers · Common BPHE Problems in Refrigeration SystemsBrowse this topic
01

Fundamentals

Working principles, terminology and thermal concepts. 7 articles

Compabloc Heat Exchanger Working Principle technical articleFundamentals

Compabloc Heat Exchanger Working Principle

Learn how a Compabloc heat exchanger works, including flow arrangement, plate design and heat transfer mechanism in welded plate heat exchangers.

Read engineering guide
Economizer Heat Exchanger: Principle, Applications, and Engineering Value technical articleFundamentals

Economizer Heat Exchanger: Principle, Applications, and Engineering Value

An economizer heat exchanger recovers waste heat from flue gas or process streams to improve efficiency and reduce fuel consumption in industrial and boiler systems.

Read engineering guide
From Steam Coils to Digital Thermal Systems: A Brief History of Heat Exchangers technical articleFundamentals

From Steam Coils to Digital Thermal Systems: A Brief History of Heat Exchangers

Explore the evolution of heat exchanger technology from the industrial revolution to modern digital thermal systems. Discover global innovations and the rapid development of China’s heat exchanger industry.

Read engineering guide
How Plate Heat Exchangers Are Transforming the Mining Industry technical articleFundamentals

How Plate Heat Exchangers Are Transforming the Mining Industry

Learn how plate heat exchangers are used in mining industry applications including mine ventilation cooling slurry heat transfer tailings cooling and mining equipment oil cooling systems. HEXNOVAS provides advanced industrial heat exchanger solutions for mining operations.

Read engineering guide
Scaling vs Fouling in Heat Exchangers: The Hidden Profit Drain You Don’t See technical articleFundamentals

Scaling vs Fouling in Heat Exchangers: The Hidden Profit Drain You Don’t See

Learn the difference between scaling and fouling in heat exchangers, how they reduce U-value, increase pressure drop and energy cost, and how to prevent efficiency loss using chemistry control, filtration, correct exchanger design and monitoring.

Read engineering guide
What Is Cascade Refrigeration? technical articleFundamentals

What Is Cascade Refrigeration?

Cascade refrigeration is a low-temperature system using two separate vapor-compression cycles connected by a cascade heat exchanger. Learn how cascade systems work, typical refrigerant pairing such as CO₂/NH₃, and how to select a plate heat exchanger for efficiency, stability, and industrial refrige

Read engineering guide
Why Small Temperature Difference Applications Require Long or Multi-Pass Plate Heat Exchangers technical articleFundamentals

Why Small Temperature Difference Applications Require Long or Multi-Pass Plate Heat Exchangers

Learn why small temperature difference applications require long or multi-pass plate heat exchangers, and why shell and tube heat exchangers become inefficient when LMTD becomes very small. This article explains low delta T heat transfer, long plate design, multi-pass flow arrangement, and practical

Read engineering guide
02

Technology

How exchanger constructions differ and where they fit. 15 articles

Alfa Laval Compabloc Alternative: Industrial Welded Heat Exchanger Solutions technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Alfa Laval Compabloc Alternative: Industrial Welded Heat Exchanger Solutions

Looking for an alternative to Alfa Laval Compabloc? Learn about welded plate heat exchanger solutions offering high efficiency, compact design and reliable industrial performance.

Read engineering guide
Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers: Compact, Efficient, and Durable Flat Plate Solutions technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers: Compact, Efficient, and Durable Flat Plate Solutions

Learn what a brazed plate heat exchanger is, how it works, and why it offers superior thermal efficiency, compact design, and durability for HVAC, refrigeration, and industrial systems.

Read engineering guide
Carbon & Graphite Heat Exchanger technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Carbon & Graphite Heat Exchanger

Carbon & Graphite Heat ExchangerStructure, Features, Applications and Advantages1. What is a Carbon and Graphite Heat Exchanger?A Carbon and Graphite Heat Exchanger is a special type of heat exchanger designed for highly corrosive chemical processes. It uses carbon or graphite as the primary hea

Read engineering guide
Gasket Fixing Systems in Gasketed Plate Heat Exchangers technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Gasket Fixing Systems in Gasketed Plate Heat Exchangers

Detailed explanation of glue, clip, stud and snap-in gasket mounting systems for plate heat exchangers. Improve maintenance efficiency and sealing performance

Read engineering guide
Dimple Plate Jacket vs Dimple Jacket Tank technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Dimple Plate Jacket vs Dimple Jacket Tank

Compare dimple plate jackets and dimple jacket tanks used for industrial temperature control. Learn their structure, heat transfer mechanism, and applications in chemical reactors, fermentation tanks, storage vessels, and process equipment.

Read engineering guide
Free Flow Plate Heat Exchanger technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Free Flow Plate Heat Exchanger

Free Flow Plate Heat Exchanger designed for high viscosity, fiber-containing and fouling media. Wide gap channel design reduces clogging and extends cleaning intervals. Ideal for sludge, oil cooling and industrial wastewater applications.

Read engineering guide
HEXNOVAS Heat Exchanger Types and Applications technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

HEXNOVAS Heat Exchanger Types and Applications

Shell & Plate heat exchanger overview and selection guide. Compare BPHE, GPHE, semi-welded, shell & plate, spiral, and pillow plate designs, with practical selection factors and downloadable catalog PDF.

Read engineering guide
Pillow Plate Thermal Shields for High-Temperature Applications technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Pillow Plate Thermal Shields for High-Temperature Applications

Learn how pillow plate thermal shields provide active cooling and heat protection for furnaces, reactors, waste-to-energy systems, and other high-temperature industrial applications.

Read engineering guide
Heat Exchanger Market Poised at USD 23.54B by 2030, Amid Rising Energy-Efficiency Focus, Says Mordor Intelligence technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Heat Exchanger Market Poised at USD 23.54B by 2030, Amid Rising Energy-Efficiency Focus, Says Mordor Intelligence

Heat Exchanger Market, plate frame heat exchanger.

Read engineering guide
What is a Compabloc Heat Exchanger? (Complete Guide) technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

What is a Compabloc Heat Exchanger? (Complete Guide)

Learn what a Compabloc heat exchanger is, how it works, its structure, advantages and industrial applications. Complete guide to welded plate heat exchangers for chemical and industrial processes.

Read engineering guide
What is the Difference Between Compabloc and Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

What is the Difference Between Compabloc and Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers

Compare Compabloc and shell and tube heat exchangers including efficiency, size, performance and industrial applications. Engineering selection guide for heat exchangers.

Read engineering guide
SPIRAL PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER (SPHE) technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

SPIRAL PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER (SPHE)

SPHE provides reliable heat transfer in sludge, wastewater, heavy oil and scaling services. Single-channel spiral design ensures stable operation, reduced plugging and easy mechanical cleaning.

Read engineering guide
Why Fully Stainless Steel Hygienic Heat Exchangers Are Required in Food and Pharmaceutical Applications technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Why Fully Stainless Steel Hygienic Heat Exchangers Are Required in Food and Pharmaceutical Applications

Technical guide explaining why hygienic heat exchangers must use 316L stainless steel, FDA-certified gaskets and fully stainless steel fusion bonding in food and pharmaceutical applications.

Read engineering guide
FAQ – Semi-Welded Plate Heat Exchangers in Ammonia Refrigeration technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

FAQ – Semi-Welded Plate Heat Exchangers in Ammonia Refrigeration

Semi-welded plate heat exchangers are ideal for ammonia refrigeration systems, offering high pressure resistance, safety, and superior heat transfer efficiency.

Read engineering guide
Plate Heat Exchanger Distributor Technology – Equalancer System Explained technical articleHeat Exchanger Technologies

Plate Heat Exchanger Distributor Technology – Equalancer System Explained

Get efficient Alfa Laval heat exchanger and PHE solutions for your industry. Explore advanced plate heat exchanger technology. Contact us for details!

Read engineering guide
03

Selection & design

Duty data, sizing logic and configuration decisions. 6 articles

Comparison Between Stainless-Steel (Nickel) Brazing and Copper Brazing in Heat Exchangers technical articleDesign Guide

Comparison Between Stainless-Steel (Nickel) Brazing and Copper Brazing in Heat Exchangers

Compare copper-brazed vs stainless-steel (nickel) brazed plate heat exchangers (BPHE): temperature limits, corrosion resistance, ammonia and seawater compatibility, and best applications.

Read engineering guide
DX vs Flooded Evaporation in Plate Heat Exchangers technical articleDesign Guide

DX vs Flooded Evaporation in Plate Heat Exchangers

Technical comparison of DX and flooded evaporation in plate heat exchangers, covering efficiency, refrigerant charge, and industrial refrigeration applications.

Read engineering guide
How to Select the Right Plate Heat Exchanger for Industrial Applications technical articleDesign Guide

How to Select the Right Plate Heat Exchanger for Industrial Applications

Learn how to select the right plate heat exchanger for industrial applications based on thermal duty, temperature profile, pressure drop, fluid properties, fouling tendency, material compatibility, and maintenance requirements.

Read engineering guide
How to Size a Pool Heat Exchanger technical articleDesign Guide

How to Size a Pool Heat Exchanger

Learn how to size a swimming pool heat exchanger based on pool volume, temperature rise, heating source capacity, and water flow rate. Practical guide for selecting the correct pool heat exchanger.

Read engineering guide
Steam Plate Heat Exchanger Design: Why Special Plates Like TS6M & TS20M Are Used for Steam Heating technical articleDesign Guide

Steam Plate Heat Exchanger Design: Why Special Plates Like TS6M & TS20M Are Used for Steam Heating

Learn how steam plate heat exchangers work, why steam condensation requires special plate design, and when TS-type plates such as TS6M and TS20M are used. This guide also explains steam gasket selection, including EPDM vs Viton G, materials selection, and plate vs shell & tube comparison.

Read engineering guide
Sulphuric Acid Heat Exchanger – Complete Engineering Guide technical articleDesign Guide

Sulphuric Acid Heat Exchanger – Complete Engineering Guide

Complete engineering guide to sulphuric acid heat exchangers, covering corrosion mechanisms, material selection, exchanger types, plate heat exchangers, spiral heat exchangers, and industrial acid cooling applications.

Read engineering guide
04

Materials & corrosion

Metals, gaskets, bonding and fluid compatibility. 4 articles

Gasket Testing and Manufacturing Control in Plate Heat Exchangers technical articleMaterials & Corrosion

Gasket Testing and Manufacturing Control in Plate Heat Exchangers

Learn how gasket testing ensures reliable sealing in plate heat exchangers. Explore tensile strength, elongation, compression set and vulcanization control for long service life.

Read engineering guide
How to Select Gaskets for Gasketed Plate Heat Exchangers technical articleMaterials & Corrosion

How to Select Gaskets for Gasketed Plate Heat Exchangers

Learn how to select gaskets for gasketed plate heat exchangers based on temperature limits, chemical compatibility, operating pressure, CIP cleaning conditions, and service life. This engineering guide explains EPDM, NBR, FKM, and silicone gasket selection for GPHE applications.

Read engineering guide
Material Selection for Heat Exchangers technical articleMaterials & Corrosion

Material Selection for Heat Exchangers

Comprehensive guide to heat exchanger material selection including 304, 316L, Titanium, 254 SMO and Hastelloy C276. Compare temperature limits, pH range and chloride resistance.

Read engineering guide
Pool Heat Exchanger Material Guide technical articleMaterials & Corrosion

Pool Heat Exchanger Material Guide

Learn how to choose the correct pool heat exchanger material for swimming pool heating systems. Understand when titanium is required and when stainless steel may be acceptable based on pool water chemistry and corrosion risk.

Read engineering guide
05

Applications

Engineering guidance organized around process duties. 11 articles

Palm Oil Refining Heat Exchanger Solution for BPO to RBDPO Processing technical articleChemical Processing

Palm Oil Refining Heat Exchanger Solution for BPO to RBDPO Processing

Discover the HEXNOVAS palm oil refining heat exchanger solution for BPO to RBDPO processing. Improve deodorization heat recovery, reduce steam consumption, and optimize final cooling with spiral, full welded, and gasketed plate heat exchangers.

Read engineering guide
Plate Heat Exchanger Solution for Enriched Electrolyte Cooling in Copper Mining technical articleChemical Processing

Plate Heat Exchanger Solution for Enriched Electrolyte Cooling in Copper Mining

HEXNOVAS provides plate heat exchanger solutions for copper mining electrolyte cooling, covering exchanger type selection, corrosion-resistant materials, gasket compatibility, and testing control.

Read engineering guide
Pillow Plate Jackets for Wine Tanks technical articleFood & Pharmaceutical

Pillow Plate Jackets for Wine Tanks

Pillow plate jackets are widely used in wine tanks for efficient cooling and heating. This solution ensures stable fermentation temperature, uniform heat transfer, and hygienic tank design for winery applications.

Read engineering guide
CO₂ Refrigeration Heat Recovery with High-Pressure BPHEs technical articleHVAC & Refrigeration

CO₂ Refrigeration Heat Recovery with High-Pressure BPHEs

Learn how CO₂ refrigeration heat recovery works in supermarkets and how ultra high pressure brazed plate heat exchangers recover waste heat to produce hot water, improving system efficiency and reducing energy costs.

Read engineering guide
Chiller vs Heat Pump: What’s the Real Difference? technical articleIndustrial Applications

Chiller vs Heat Pump: What’s the Real Difference?

Learn the difference between chillers and heat pumps in industrial thermal systems. Discover how heat pumps recover waste heat, improve energy efficiency, and reduce operating costs in HVAC and refrigeration applications.

Read engineering guide
FLUE GAS HEAT RECOVERY technical articleIndustrial Applications

FLUE GAS HEAT RECOVERY

FLUE GAS HEAT RECOVERYHigh-Temperature Industrial Waste Heat Recovery Solution1. IntroductionFlue gas heat recovery is one of the most effective ways to improve energy efficiency in high-temperature industrial processes. In sectors such as biomass boilers, feed dryers, cement kilns, steel furnaces,

Read engineering guide
Heat Exchangers Used as Evaporators and Condensers technical articleIndustrial Applications

Heat Exchangers Used as Evaporators and Condensers

This article explains how different heat exchanger types are used as evaporators and condensers in refrigeration systems, including brazed plate heat exchangers, semi-welded plate heat exchangers, fully welded plate heat exchangers, spiral heat exchangers, and shell-and-tube heat exchangers.

Read engineering guide
Heat Exchangers in Data Centers technical articleIndustrial Applications

Heat Exchangers in Data Centers

Heat exchangers in data centers: BPHE inside CDU, free cooling interfaces, waste heat recovery, and material selection. Includes a practical FAQ and product links for BPHE, GPHE, Shell & Plate, and Pillow Plates.

Read engineering guide
How Heat Exchangers Improve Refrigeration Efficiency technical articleIndustrial Applications

How Heat Exchangers Improve Refrigeration Efficiency

Learn how heat exchangers improve refrigeration efficiency through higher evaporation temperatures, reduced pressure drop, improved heat transfer, and heat recovery integration.

Read engineering guide
R718 Water Refrigeration Systems: Engineering Perspective and Heat Exchanger Design technical articleIndustrial Applications

R718 Water Refrigeration Systems: Engineering Perspective and Heat Exchanger Design

Learn how water (R718) refrigeration works under deep vacuum conditions and why plate heat exchangers play a critical role in vacuum refrigeration systems. HEXNOVAS provides advanced industrial heat exchanger solutions for sustainable refrigeration applications including CO2 and water based cooling

Read engineering guide
Spiral Plate Heat Exchanger for Sludge Heat Recovery technical articleIndustrial Applications

Spiral Plate Heat Exchanger for Sludge Heat Recovery

Spiral Plate Heat Exchangers (SPHE) are designed for sludge, wastewater, and fouling services. Learn how spiral geometry ensures stable operation and reliable heat recovery.

Read engineering guide
06

Operation & maintenance

Cleaning, fouling, troubleshooting and service life. 8 articles

Analysis and Mechanism of Leakage Caused by Freezing in Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers technical articleOperation & Maintenance

Analysis and Mechanism of Leakage Caused by Freezing in Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers

This article explains the causes, mechanisms, and design-related factors of freezing-induced leakage in plate heat exchangers, with a focus on brazed plate heat exchangers and practical prevention measures.

Read engineering guide
Common BPHE Problems in Refrigeration Systems technical articleOperation & Maintenance

Common BPHE Problems in Refrigeration Systems

Common problems of brazed plate heat exchangers in refrigeration systems, including freezing, corrosion, fouling and thermal fatigue. Learn causes and prevention methods.

Read engineering guide
Common Problems with Plate Heat Exchangers and How Alfa Laval Solves Them technical articleOperation & Maintenance

Common Problems with Plate Heat Exchangers and How Alfa Laval Solves Them

Common plate heat exchanger problems explained: fouling and scaling, leakage, corrosion, excessive pressure drop, and thermal fatigue. Learn causes, symptoms, and engineering solutions to improve PHE performance and reliability.

Read engineering guide
How to Prevent Scaling in Pool Heat Exchangers technical articleOperation & Maintenance

How to Prevent Scaling in Pool Heat Exchangers

Prevent scaling in pool heat exchangers by maintaining proper water chemistry, filtration, and regular maintenance. Improve efficiency and extend service life.

Read engineering guide
FAQ – Flat Plate Heat Exchanger ( Gasket plate heat exchanger ) Maintenance technical articleOperation & Maintenance

FAQ – Flat Plate Heat Exchanger ( Gasket plate heat exchanger ) Maintenance

High-efficiency plate frame heat exchangers for industrial applications. Reliable, durable, and customizable frame plate heat exchangers by HEXNOVAS.

Read engineering guide
Maintenance and Cleaning of Plate Heat Exchangers technical articleOperation & Maintenance

Maintenance and Cleaning of Plate Heat Exchangers

Expert plate heat exchanger cleaning services to boost efficiency & prevent downtime. Get reliable solutions today from industry professionals.

Read engineering guide
Minor Leakage at Head Plate Gaskets During Start-Up of GPHE with Viton (FKM) Gaskets technical articleOperation & Maintenance

Minor Leakage at Head Plate Gaskets During Start-Up of GPHE with Viton (FKM) Gaskets

Minor leakage at head plate gaskets during GPHE start-up with Viton (FKM) gaskets is typically a temporary thermal expansion effect. Learn the causes and preventive measures.

Read engineering guide
Pool Heat Exchanger Maintenance Guide technical articleOperation & Maintenance

Pool Heat Exchanger Maintenance Guide

Learn how to clean, inspect and maintain swimming pool heat exchangers. Practical guide to prevent fouling, improve heat transfer efficiency and extend equipment life.

Read engineering guide

Looking for project evidence?

Cases are now separate from engineering guides.

Case Studies contain a real project, replacement or failure investigation with a defined challenge and engineering response.

Browse case studies

Have a specific question?

Ask an engineer about your duty.

Contact HEXNOVAS